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Rolls-Royce Goshawk
The Rolls-Royce Goshawk was a development of the Rolls-Royce Kestrel that used evaporative or steam cooling. In line with Rolls-Royce convention of naming piston engines after birds of prey, it was named after the goshawk.
The engine first ran in 1933 and provided 660 horsepower (490 kW). Only a few engines were built as the aircraft designs intended to use it were not adopted by the Royal Air Force. The Goshawk was used to power the Short Knuckleduster, the Supermarine Type 224 (a predecessor to the Supermarine Spitfire) and other prototype aircraft.
==Design and development==
The Goshawk was developed from the Kestrel IV prototype engine, to use evaporative (also known as "steam") cooling. Rather than keep the cooling liquid below its boiling point in the cooling system, the coolant was allowed to boil; boiling taking more heat from the engine and less coolant was needed. However instead of a radiator to take the heat from the coolant, a condensor was required to turn the vapour back to liquid. These had to be much larger than radiators and added drag to the aircraft design.
Twenty engines were built and they flew only in prototypes as a few manufacturer's private ventures and "one offs". Powers for individual installations are quoted between 650 and . Problems with coolant leaks, coolant pumping and the realisation that large wing mounted radiators would be vulnerable to combat damage caused the project to be cancelled although valuable lessons had been learned and were put to good use with development of the later Merlin.〔Gunston 1989, p.141.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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